Introduction: Introduction to optical fiber communication systems. Elements of optical fiber communication links, advantages over microwave systems. Propagation of light over optical fibers: Transmission characteristics of optical fibers, optical fiber construction, mechanisms of attenuation and dispersion. Optical cables, optical connector, splice and couplers. Optical sources: Light emitting diodes and laser diodes, and their characteristics. Intensity modulation, direct detection, coherent systems.
Optical transmitters and amplifiers. Optical detectors and receivers: PIN photodiodes and avalanche photodiodes, their characteristics. Optical waveguides and optical soliton. Optical link design: Limitations in bandwidth and distance due to attenuation and dispersion. Link budget calculations. Applications: Selection of components for different applications. State-of-the-art applications of optical fiber communications. Analog and digital communication systems. Low BW and bitrate to ultra-wide band and ultra-high bitrate communication systems. Introduction to communication networks (LANs, MANs and WANs).
Course Catalogue
This course consists of two parts. In the first part, students will perform experiments to verify practically the theories and concepts learned in EEE 449.
Introduction: Concept, evolution and fundamentals. Analog and digital Cellular systems. Cellular radio system: Frequency reuse, co-channel interference, cell splitting and components. Mobile radio propagation: Propagation characteristics, models for radio propagation, antenna at cell site and mobile antenna. Frequency management and channel assignment: Fundamentals of spectrum utilization, channel assignment, fixed channel assignment, non-fixed channel assignment, traffic and channel assignment. Handoffs and dropped calls: Reasons and types, forced handoffs, mobile assisted handoffs and dropped call rate. Diversity techniques: Concept of diversity branch and signal paths, carrier to noise and carrier to interference ratio performance. Digital cellular systems: Global system for mobile, time division multiple access and code division multiple access.
Radar engineering: Basic principles, radar equations, factors influencing maximum range, power and frequencies used in radar. Radar cross section, information contents in radar signals, noise and clutter, radar detectors. Types of radar: Basic pulsed radar system, bandwidth requirements, factors governing pulsed characteristics, duplexer, moving target indicator. Doppler and MTI radars, pulse compression, CW and FM-CW radar, radar transmitter and receivers, introduction to polarimetric radar and synthetic aperture radar. Tracking systems and search systems of radar. Radar antennas: Parabolic, lenses, cosecant squared antenna. Introduction to satellite communication. Satellite frequency bands, satellite orbits, satellite types, regulation of the spectrum and interference, propagation channel, air interfaces, link budget analysis, digital modulation, error correction codes, multiple access, receiver synchronization, baseband processing, fixed and mobile applications, basics of satellite networking.
Transmission line cables: overhead and underground. Stability. Swing equation, power angle equation, equal area criterion, multi-machine system, step-by-step solution of swing equation. Factors affecting voltage and frequency stability. Economic operation within and among plants, transmission-loss equation, dispatch with losses. Flexible AC transmission system (FACTS). Relative power compensation, compensation techniques. High voltage DC transmission system. Power quality – voltage sag and swell, surges, harmonics, flicker, grounding problems; IEEE/IEC standards, mitigation techniques.
Special machine: Series universal motor, permanent magnet DC motor, unipolar and bipolar brush less DC motors, stepper motor and control circuits. Reluctance and hysteresis motors with drive circuits, switched reluctance motor, electrostatic motor, repulsion motor, synchronous and control transformers. Permanent magnet synchronous motors. Acyclic machines: Generators, conduction pump and induction pump. Magnet hydrodynamic generators. Thermoelectric generators, flywheels. Vector control, linear motors and traction. Induction generator, AC-DC-AC conversion.
Power plants: general layout and principles, steam turbine, gas turbine, combined cycle gas turbine, hydro and nuclear. Power plant instrumentation. Selection of location: technical, economic and environmental factors. Load forecasting. Load curve: demand factor, diversity factor, load duration curve, energy load curve, load factor, capacity factor, and utilization factor. Generation scheduling: deterministic and probabilistic. Electricity tariff: formulation and types.
Purpose of power system protection. Criteria of detecting faults: overcurrent, differential current, difference of phase angles, over and under voltages, power direction, symmetrical component of current and voltages, impedance, frequency and temperature. Instrument transformers: CT and PT. Electromechanical, electronic and digital relays: basic modules, overcurrent, differential, distance and directional. Trip circuits. Unit protection schemes: generator, transformer, motor, bus bar, transmission and distribution lines. Miniature circuits breakers and fuses. Circuit breakers: principle of arc extinction, selection criteria and ratings of circuit breakers, types, oil, SF6 and vacuum.
This course consists of two parts. In the first part, students will perform experiments to verify practically the theories and concepts learned in EEE 467. In the second part, students will design simple systems using the principles learned in EEE 467.
Review of probability concepts. Probability distribution: Binomial, Poisson and Normal. Reliability concepts: Failure rate, outage, mean time to failure, series and parallel systems and redundancy. Markov process. Probabilistic generation and load models. Reliability indices: Loss of load probability and loss of energy probability. Frequency and duration. Reliability evaluation techniques of single area system. Interconnected system: tie line and evaluation of reliability indices.